How Primary Care Can Lead the Way in Pediatric Obesity Care

Published September 26, 2025

The Voices section is a place for physicians, staff and community leaders to share their perspectives on all things healthcare. Dr. Venkata Sushma Chamarthi is a pediatrician and diplomate of the American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM) with more than 15 years of clinical experience.

MADERA, Calif. – When I see children and teens for their well-child checks, I am often reminded how deeply obesity can affect every aspect of their health and lives. For many families, it is not easy to talk about. The stigma attached to obesity can be heavy, and yet addressing it directly and compassionately is one of the most important steps we can take as pediatricians.

I think of one of my patients, a teenage girl whose story continues to inspire me. With steady guidance, family support and her determination, she has lost nearly 50 pounds—close to 30% of her body weight—and lowered her BMI by 10 percentage points. But the real success is not the numbers or the medication. It is seeing her confidence blossom, her participation in school activities grow, and her smile return.

Another patient, a 9-year-old, shows the power of lifestyle change when supported by family. Without medication, she was able to lose 10 pounds by making practical adjustments—cutting back on sugary drinks, reducing ultra-processed foods and finding ways to be active with her family. What struck me most was how these small steps not only improved her physical health but also her mood, energy and focus in school.

These experiences remind me that pediatric obesity care in the primary care setting does not always require a referral to specialists. Often, what families need is a trusted pediatrician who will start the conversation, listen without judgment and provide personalized, focused counseling. Parents frequently tell me they appreciate when our visits move beyond general “eat healthy and exercise” advice or a handout, and instead focus on concrete, achievable steps that truly fit into their lives.

For some patients, medications are also part of the journey. Until recently, there were not many FDA-approved options for children and teens. That changed in 2022-2023, when several treatments became available and were included in the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Clinical Practice Guideline. Using these medications when appropriate has been transformative—not as a replacement for counseling or family support, but as an additional tool that can help children succeed. Families are often relieved to learn that obesity, like asthma or diabetes, can be treated with evidence-based approaches in the pediatric clinic.

Beyond weight loss itself, what keeps me motivated are the long-term benefits. Treating obesity early helps prevent the chronic diseases that so often follow if left unaddressed—type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, fatty liver disease, sleep apnea and more. It helps avoid the emergency room visits that too many families experience when these conditions become severe. Most importantly, it allows children to reclaim healthier, brighter futures.

The prevalence of childhood obesity continues to rise in the United States, especially in underserved communities. But beyond the numbers are the stories—the children who are tired during class because of poor sleep, the teens who shy away from sports or social events, the families who worry constantly about their child’s future. Each visit is a chance to interrupt that trajectory.

To my fellow pediatricians, I want to share this encouragement: we can do this in primary care. We already have the skills to counsel families, the relationships to build trust, and the tools to begin treatment. With a personalized, family-centered approach, we can make a real difference—often right in the context of a routine well-child check.

The victories may look small at first. A child swaps soda for water. A family prepares one extra home-cooked meal each week. A teen begins sleeping better and concentrating more in school. But these are not small things. They are the foundations of lifelong health.

Every child deserves the chance to grow up healthy. And every pediatrician can help make that happen.